====== Lockheed Martin (LMT) ======
LMT is the [[Ticker Symbol]] for Lockheed Martin Corporation, an American titan of the global aerospace, defense, and technology industry. Imagine a company that builds everything from the world's most advanced fighter jets to satellites that explore the solar system, and you've got Lockheed Martin. Headquartered in Maryland, its business is organized into four main segments: Aeronautics (home of the F-35 Lightning II fighter), Missiles and Fire Control, Rotary and Mission Systems (including Sikorsky helicopters), and Space. Its primary customer is, by a landslide, the U.S. government, particularly the Department of Defense, along with other allied nations. This makes LMT a cornerstone of the global defense industry and a major component of benchmark indices like the [[S&P 500]]. For an investor, LMT isn't just a company; it's a proxy for geopolitical stability, technological supremacy, and long-term government spending priorities. Its operations are deeply entwined with national security, giving it a unique and powerful position in the market.
===== The View from a Value Investor's Cockpit =====
For a value investor, analyzing a company like Lockheed Martin is like examining a fortress. It's built to last, but you still need to check for cracks in the walls and determine if the price of admission is fair.
==== The Economic Moat: A Fortress of Contracts ====
Lockheed Martin boasts a formidable [[Economic Moat]], a durable competitive advantage that protects its profits from would-be rivals. This moat is dug deep and wide, filled with several key advantages:
  * **Intangible Assets:** Decades of research and development have resulted in a massive portfolio of patents, trade secrets, and technological know-how that is nearly impossible for a newcomer to replicate.
  * **High [[Switching Costs]]:** The U.S. government and its allies have invested trillions of dollars in LMT's platforms, like the F-35. Switching to a different system would involve not just buying new hardware but also retraining pilots and maintenance crews, overhauling logistics, and ensuring interoperability—an astronomically expensive and complex task.
  * **Government Relationship:** LMT's long-standing, deeply integrated relationship with the Pentagon provides a level of stability and trust that is a massive barrier to entry. It's not just a supplier; it's a strategic partner.
==== Financial Performance: Steady Altitude? ====
A strong moat should translate into strong, predictable financial results. Here's how LMT generally stacks up:
  * **Revenue Stability:** Because its revenue is tied to long-term government contracts, LMT's sales are far less cyclical than those of companies that sell to consumers. It's driven by government [[budget]] cycles and geopolitical events rather than consumer confidence.
  * **Shareholder Returns:** LMT has a stellar reputation for returning cash to its shareholders. It is a well-regarded [[Dividend Aristocrat]], meaning it has a long history of consistently increasing its dividend payments. For income-focused investors, this predictable and growing [[Dividend Yield]] is a major attraction.
  * **Cash Flow Generation:** The company is typically a powerful generator of [[Free Cash Flow]] (FCF). This is the cash left over after all expenses and investments, and it's what the company uses to fund its dividends, conduct [[share buybacks]] (which can increase the value of remaining shares), and reinvest in future projects.
==== Risks on the Radar ====
No investment is without risk, and LMT's fortress is not immune to attack. Investors should keep a close watch on these potential threats:
  * **Government Dependence:** LMT's greatest strength is also its biggest weakness. A significant cut in the U.S. defense budget, a shift in political priorities, or the cancellation of a major program could severely impact its bottom line. This is a classic case of [[Concentration Risk]].
  * **Execution Risk:** Managing multi-billion dollar projects is incredibly complex. Delays, cost overruns, and performance issues on key programs can attract negative political scrutiny and financial penalties.
  * **Competition:** While the barriers to entry are high, LMT still faces intense competition from other defense giants like [[Boeing]] (BA), [[Northrop Grumman]] (NOC), and RTX Corporation for lucrative government contracts.
===== Capipedia's Bottom Line =====
Lockheed Martin is a quintessential "wide-moat" company. It operates in a high-stakes industry with enormous barriers to entry, providing essential technology for national security. This results in a remarkably stable business model that has rewarded long-term shareholders with consistent dividends and growth.
For the value investor, the critical question is always about [[Valuation]]. The business is undeniably high-quality, but what is a fair [[stock price]] to pay for it? An investment in LMT is a long-term bet on the continued necessity of advanced military technology for the United States and its allies. The key is to buy into this durable franchise when the price is reasonable, fully acknowledging the ever-present risks of politics and project execution.